342 



APPLIED ANATOMY. 



extensor communis digitorum and extensor indicis muscles. Passing over the head 

 of the ulna to insert into the base of the fifth metacarpal bone is the tendon of the 

 extensor carpi ulnaris. It is best felt just beyond the extremity of the ulna when the 

 hand is drawn toward the ulnar side. It inserts into the base of the fifth metacarpal 

 bone. 



Compound Ganglion. Large effusions into the sheath of the flexor tendons 

 of the wrist, usually purulent or tuberculous in character, sometimes cause two swell- 



FIQ. 352. Compound ganglion showing swellings above and below the anterior annular ligament. (From author's 



sketch of a tuberculous case.) 



ings, one in the palm of the hand and the other above the wrist. These commu- 

 nicate beneath the anterior annular ligament and form what is called a compound 

 ganglion (Fig. 352). 



FRACTURES OF THE LOWER END OF THE RADIUS AND ULNA. 



The lower end of the ulna is rarely fractured, but that of the radius vies with 

 fracture of the clavicle in being the most frequent of all fractures. 



FIG. 353. Colles's fracture of the lower end of the radius, showing the " silver fork deformity" and displacement 



of the fragments. 



COLLES'S FRACTURE. 



Fractures of the radius which occur at the wrist possess certain distinct charac- 

 teristics and were for a long time confounded with dislocations of the wrist. These 

 fractures are generally grouped by modern surgeons under the name of Colics' s 

 fracture. This fracture was first correctly described, according to both Hamilton 

 and Stimson, by Pouteau ("OZuvres Posthumes," t. n, p. 251, 1783; also Nelaton, 

 " Chirurgie Path.," t. i, p. 739). Mr. Colles, a Dublin surgeon, described the 

 injury most carefully in the Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal, April, 1814, 

 but it is largely due to Robt. W. Smith's "Treatise on Fractures in the Vicinity 



