474 



APPLIED ANATOMY. 



longitudinal fibres of the rectum (prerectalis muscles of Henle, recto-urethralis of 

 Roux, Kalischer, Holl, Proust, and others see page 438, Rectum), at the sides by 

 the deep transverse perinei and compressor urethrse muscles, and anteriorly by the 

 continuation of the rectovesical fascia. From the deep transverse perinei muscles 

 forward the rectovesical fascia is called the deep layer of the triangular ligament 

 (Fig. 476). 



Perineal Spaces. There are two perineal spaces, one superficial space 

 between the triangular ligament (superficial layer) and the deep layer of the super- 

 ficial fascia (Colics' s fascia), and the other, the deep perineal space, between the 

 superficial layer of the triangular ligament and its deep layer. 



Superficial Perineal Space. The superficial space has on each side the crura 

 of the penis attached to the ischiopubic rami and covered by the ischiocavernosus 

 (erector penis) muscles. In the median line anteriorly lies the urethra with its 

 erectile tissue covered by the bulbocavernosus (accelerator urinae) muscle. The 

 posterior portion lying on the triangular ligament is called the bulb, and reaches 

 back to the central point of the perineum. From the central point the superficial 

 transverse perineal muscles pass outward and somewhat backward to the rami of the 



Peritoneum 

 Pelvic fascia 



Bladder 

 Internal sphincter 



Prostatic veins 



Superficial layer 



triangular ligament 



Deep layer triangular 



ligament 



Membranous urethra 



Superficial transverse 

 perineal muscle 



Colles's fascia 



Internal sphincter 

 External sphincter 



Fascia on bladder 

 Fascia on rectum 



Separable space 

 (espace decollable) 



Separable space 



Recto-urethralis 

 muscle 



Cowper's gland 



Deep transverse 

 perineal muscle 



FIG. 476. Perineal spaces. 



ischia, and the sphincter ani passes back to the coccyx. The internal pudic artery 

 comes forward from the spine of the ischium through Alcock's canal on the outer 

 wall of the ischiorectal fossa, 4 cm. ( i y 2 in. ) above the lower edge of the tuberosity ; 

 when it reaches the posterior edge of the triangular ligament it gives off the superficial 

 perineal artery, which pierces it and enters the superficial perineal space, where it 

 gives off the small transverse perineal artery, and then continues anteriorly to the 

 base of the scrotum. The pudic nerve sends two branches forward in this space, the 

 posterior or internal superficial perineal toward the middle, and the anterior or 

 external along the outer side of the space accompanying the superficial perineal 

 artery forward to the scrotum. 



The Deep Perineal Space. This lies between the anterior and posterior layers 

 of the triangular ligament. It contains the compressor urethrae (external vesical 

 sphincter) muscle surrounding the urethra. Embedded in this muscle is Cowper's 

 gland. Its duct, 2 cm. (f in.) long, pierces the anterior layer of the triangular 

 ligament to empty into the bulbous urethra. Immediately behind the compressor 

 urethras is the deep transverse perinei muscle passing across from one ischiopubic 

 ramus through the central point of the perineum to the other. Running along the 

 outer side of the space is the continuation of the internal pudic artery. It gives off 



