118 TYRANNID^E. 



Hab. S.E. Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Argentine Republic. 



This bird ranges from South Brazil and Paraguay to the southernmost 

 pampas of Buenos Ayres. Its total length is eight inches. The wings 

 and tail are black, the former barred with white ; all the rest of the 

 plumage in the male is pure white ; in the female the upper parts are 

 grey. 



It is to some extent migratory, and usually goes in flocks of a dozen 

 or twenty birds, and frequents open situations where there are bushes 

 and trees, also plains covered with giant grasses. They are more social 

 in their habits than T. coronata, but in other respects closely resemble 

 it, and are exceedingly active lively birds, and when the flock is on 

 the wing continually pursue each other in a playful manner. 



Mr. Barrows observed them in autumn on the Pigue (southern 

 pampas) preparing for their migration. " Late in March/' he says, 

 " we found them in large scattered flocks, which collected in one place 

 toward evening, and went through a series of aerial evolutions, accom- 

 panied with vocal exercises of a varied and entertaining kind, lasting 

 half an hour or more. 



" I presume this was in preparation for their northward (or west- 

 ward?) migration, as we did not see them again after leaving this 

 spot." 



115. T^INIOPTERA IRUPERO (Vieill.). 

 (WIDOW TYRANT.) 



Taenioptera irupero, Scl. et Salv. P. Z. S. 1868, p. 141 (Buenos Ayres) ; iid. 

 Nomencl p. 42 j White, P. Z. S. 1882, p. 603 (Catamarca, Misiones) ; Doring, 

 Exp. al Rio Negro, Zort. p. 42 (R. Colorado) ; Barrows, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl. 

 vol. viii. p. 139 (Entrerios). Taenioptera mcesta, Burin. La-Plata Reise, 

 ii. p. 460. 



Description. Above and beneath pure white ; wings with the primaries 

 black except the innermost, which are white at their bases and tipped with 

 black, and secondaries which have narrow black shafts ; broad end of the tail 

 black ; bill and feet black ; two outer primaries acuminated : whole length 7'0 

 inches, wing 4-3, tail 3*2. Female similar. 



Hab. Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentine Republic, and Bolivia. 



This pretty species is found throughout the Argentine country, and is 

 well known to the natives, and usually called Viudita (Little Widow), 

 on account of its mourning colours. It is also sometimes curiously 

 named Anjelito de las Animas, from a superstitious notion due to the 

 intense whiteness of its plumage and to its supposed habit of frequenting 

 graveyards. In both sexes the entire plumage is snowy white, except 



