](5G LXX. COMPOSITE. 



Involucral scales separate, often brac- 



tcolate 117. Senecio. 



Involucral scales connate, not brac- 



teolate, valvate 118. ErfiYOPS. 



Disk-flowers sterile. 



Pappus of A-erj slender, nodulose, ca- 

 ducous, jointed bristles . . . .119. Kuckeeia. 

 Pappus of straight, rigid, persistent 



bristles 115. Othonna. 



Pappus of few bristles, 1-seriate (sometimes 

 in disk-flowers). 

 Disk-flowers fertile. 



Pappus in disk-flowers of several, in 



a ray of few bristles 109. Mesogramma. 



Pappus of 4-5 curved, barbed bristles 108. Oligothkix. 

 Disk-flowers sterile, without pappus . . 116. Gymnodiscus. 



Subtribe 6. Calendule^. Leaves rarely opposite. Heads radiate, 

 heteromoncecious, the ray-flowers fertile, the disk-flowers male, with abor- 

 tive simple styles ; or rarely (in BimorpJiotheca) some or all of the disk- 

 . flowers fertile. Antliers acute or cuspidate at base, or very minutely tailed. 

 Pappus 0. (Gen. 120-124.) 



Achenes quite beakless. 

 Involucre 1-seriate. 



Marginal achenes 3-cornered, either smooth, 



tubercled, or sharply toothed on the angles 120. DimoephothecA. 

 Marginal achenes covered with thorny points 124. Xenismia. 

 Involucre in 2-3 rows. Marginal achenes nut- 

 like, thick-shelled, smooth or wrinkled, 3-cor- 

 nered or 3-winged 123. Osteospeemtjm. 



Achenes produced into a beak. 



Achenes broadly 3-winged 121 . Teipteeis. 



Achenes 3-cornered, wingless or nearly so . . 122. Oligocaepus. 



Teibe 5. Cynaee^. (Gen. 125-146.) 



Subtribe 1. Aectotide^e. Heads commonly radiate, rarely homoga- 

 mous and discoid ; rays female or neuter, ligulate. Anthers minutely 

 tailed. Achenes beakless, turbinate, with a terminal flattened disk, often 

 villous. Pappus 0. or of broad or narrow, membranous scales, or (in He- 

 terolepis) of barbed bristles. (Gen. 125-140.) 



1. Auctote^. Involucral scales nnarmed, se- 

 parate, the outer herbaceous, inner mem- 

 brane-edged, obtiise. Heads radiate. 

 Kays female, producing achenes. 



Achenes with 2 collateral cavities at back. 

 Pappus of 8 or more membranous 



scales 125. Aectotis. 



Pappus 0, or of 1-5 minute squamules 126. Venidium. 

 Achenes solid (no dorsal cavities). 



Pappus of several very delicate, narrow 

 scales. 

 Filaments of stamens scabrous . . 127. Haplocarpha. 

 Filaments of stamens smooth . . 128. Landtia. 



