LXX. COMPOSITiE. 107 



Young aclienes compressed ; adult 5-angled, tapering to each 

 end, cillate on the angles, with a very short beak covered with 

 thick bristles, resembling an outer pappus. Pappus 1-seriate, 

 bristle-shaped, very slender, deciduous ; in the disk-flowers of 

 many, in the ray of few bristles. — Fl. Cap. \\\. p. 306. 



A rigid, glabrous perennial, found near Verleptpram on the Gariep. 

 Stems branched above. Leaves on long petioles, pinnatisect, tiie lobes 

 lanceolate, toothed. Bi-anches ending in nude, 1-lieaded pedicels, subco- 

 rymbose. Corolla pale yellow, with red medial lines. 



110. CINERARIA, Linn. 



Heads many-flowered, rarely discoid, mostly radiate ; rays 

 ligulate, female; disk-flowers tubular, 5-toothed, the medial 

 nerve strongly marked. Involucre 1-seriate, mostly calycled, 

 the scales membranous-edged, Eeceptacle nude, flat. Style- 

 arms in the disk-flowers tipped with a short cone. Achenes 

 mostly flattened, often (at least the outer ones) winged at 

 margin. Pappus in 1 or more rows, capillary, caducous. — Fl. 

 Cap. ni. p. ^01. 



Herbs or undershrubs. Leaves alternate, mostly petioled, the petiole often 

 eared at base, the lamina lobed, toothed or lyrate-pinnatisect, or reniform. 

 Heads mostly corymbose. — 22 species, dispersed. 



111. LOPHOLJENA, DC. 



Heads many-flowered, all the flowers tubular, 5-fid, with a 

 terete tube ; the marginal flowers mostly cleft on the inner 

 side, with abortive anthers ; those of the disk bisexual, some- 

 times abortive. Involucre 5-leaved, the scales free, leaf-like, 

 broadly keel-crested at back, winged at the sides. Receptacle 

 honeycombed. Style-arms in the perfect flowers elongate, 

 downy at back, produced at apex into a long, everywhere his- 

 pid, subacute appendix. Achenes angular, beakless, gla- 

 brescent, ciliate at the angles, the central often abortive. 

 Pappus multiseriate, bristle-shaped, scarcely rough. — Fl. Cap. 

 m.p. 314. 



L. Dregeana^ DC, a robust, glabrous undershrub, with alternate, half- 

 clasping, oblong, obtuse, rigid, entire, 3-nerved leaves and subcorymbose 

 heads ; is found near Natal. 



112. CACALIA, Linn. 



Heads several-flowered, homogamous ; all the flowers tubu- 

 lar, 5-fid, bisexual. Involucre 1-seriate, of 5-30 scales, with 

 a few bracteoles at base. Receptacle nude. Style-arms 

 tipped with a short cone, hispid at base. Achenes oblong, 

 beakless, glabrous. Pappus 1-seriate, of many rigid, scabrous 

 bristles. — Fl. Cap. iii. p. 315. 



