452 CXLII. GEAMIXE^. 



Griimies 2, equal, siibopposite, tapering off to a setaceous 

 point, keeled, 1-nerved, subuicmbranous. Lower flowering 

 glume (or 2 lower) fertile, rigid, the glume longer, keeled, 

 shortly setigerous or mucronate, 5-7-nerved ; palea rigid, 

 boat-shaped, bluntly 2-toothed, 2-neryed. Ovary stipitate. — 

 Nees, I. c. p. 135. 



Tufted grasses of dry ground, witli rigid, involute leaves, the simple 

 culm bearing an oblong, brush-like or foxtail-like spike, bristling with the 

 hard, slender points of the glumes. — 2 species, of which F. ciliata is the 

 commonest. 



61. ARUNDO. 



Spikelets in a very large efluse panicle, 2-5-flowered, all 

 the flowering glumes except the terminal one hermaphrodite ; 

 rachis of the spikelet silkily hairy. Outer glumes acute, 

 nearly equal, very long, in the Cape species as long as the 

 flowering. Flowering glume membranous, 2-fid at the top, 

 and bearing a short awn between the awl-shaped lobes, hairy 

 with silky hairs, especially below ; palea shorter than the 

 flowering glume, 2-keeled. Glrain free. — Nees, I. c. jp. 347. 



1 Cape species. A fine, handsome grass, found in many parts of the 

 world. — Bonax arundinaceus, De Beauv. 



65. PHRAGMITES, Trin. 



Spikelets in a much-branched panicle, 3-6-flowered, the 

 flowering glumes distichous, distant, awnless, the lowest male, 

 the rest fertile. Rachis of the spikelet clothed with long, silky 

 hairs. Outer glumes acute, keeled, shorter than the flowering, 

 membranous, unequal, the upper larger. Flowering glume 

 membranous very long, subulate, often bristle-tipped ; palea 

 2-keeled. G-rain free. — Nees, I. c. p. 356. 



Large grasses of wet places (reeds). — 3 Cape species, of wliich P. com- 

 munis is common to Europe, N. Asia, America, and New Holland. 



66. PAPPOPHORUM, Schreb. 



Spikelets in close, spike-like panicles, with 1 fertile flower- 

 ing glume at base, and 1-3 upper sterile ones. Outer glumes 

 2, membranous, pointless, longer than the flowering. Flower- 

 ing glume membranous, broad, concave, its apex cut into 9-13 

 subulate bristles; palea longer, membranous, 2-keeled. — Kunth, 

 I. c. p. 254. Enneapogon, Nees, I. c. p. 233. 



2 Cape species, belonging to the section with 9 bristles, both Eastern. 



67. SCHISMUS, Beauv. 

 Spikelets 5-7-flowered, in close panicles ; glumes distichous, 



