^50 



In consequence of tliis treaty all the prisoners 

 were released, and the Spaniards had the satisfaction 

 of receiving, among others, forty-two of those who 

 had been in captivity since the time of Paillamachu. 

 Commerce, which is inseparable from the good un- 

 derstanding of nations, was established between the 

 two people ; the lands that had been deserted in con- 

 sequence of hostile incursions were repopulated, and 

 by their regular produce animated the industry of 

 their undisturbed possessors ; the hopes of religion 

 became also again revived, and the missionaries 

 began freely to exercise their ministry. 



Notwithstanding these and other advantages which 

 were to be expected from the peace, there were, 

 amongboih the Araucanians and the Spaniards, some 

 unquiet tempers, who endeavoured by specious rea- 

 sons to prevent its ratification. The first said that 

 it was only a scheme to deceive the Araucanians, in 

 order at a future time to conquer them with more fa- 

 cility, by rendering them unaccustomed to the use 

 of arms. Those of the Spaniards, on the contrary, 

 pretended tobe afraid that, if peace was established, 

 the population of the enemy would be so much in- 

 creased, that they would become sufficiently power- 

 ful to destroy all the Spanish settlements in Chili. 

 Of the latter some had even the boldness to cry " to 

 arms," and endeavour to instigate the auxiliaries to 

 commence hostilities at the very time of the confer- 

 ence. Butthe Marquis, by justifyinghisintentions to 

 the one, and reprimanding the other party, prevented 

 the renewal of the war, and put the last hand to his glo- 



