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■successors continued to form new establishments, 

 but these have never flourished like the first. In 

 1753, Santa Rosa, Guasco-alto, Casablanca, Bella- 

 Isla, Florida, Coulemu and Quirigua were built by 

 Don Domingo Rosas. He also sent inhabitants to 

 settle the large island of Juan Fernandez, which till 

 that time had remained desert to the great injury of 

 commerce, as the pirates found therein a secure re- 

 treat, from whence they could with facility attack 

 the trading ships. Don Manuel Amat, who was af- 

 terwards viceroy of Peru, in 1729 founded upon the 

 Araucanian frontier the cities of St. Barbara, Tal- 

 camavida and Gualqui. 



Don Antonio Guill Gonzaga attempted under his 

 government to effect more than his predecessors. 

 He undertook to compel the Araucanians to live in 

 cities. This chimerical scheme was ridiculed by 

 those who were best acquainted with the country, 

 while others supposed it practicable. Many coun- 

 sels were held to devise the most suitable means 

 of carrying this scheme into execution, which the 

 wishes of the governor made him consider as very 

 easy. The Araucanians were informed of all these 

 proceedings by their spies, and apprehensive of the 

 danger to which such an innovation might expose 

 their liberties, they met secretly to deliberate upon 

 the measures they should take to elude the designs 

 of their neighbours without having recourse to arms, 

 when the following resolutions were adopted by the 

 national council : In the first place, to delay as long 

 as possible the business, by equivocal replies and 

 delusive promises. Secondly. When pressed to 



