Notes and Illustrations. 265 
39. 7. “Burrage.” Fr. dourache, M. Lat. dorago. Apuleius says 
that its original name was ‘‘corrago, quia cordis affectibus medetur,” 
a word that the herbalists suppose to have become, by change of ¢ 
to 6, borrago. See A. Boorde’s Dyetary, ed. Furnivall, pp. 278-280. 
39. 9. ‘Clarie.” M. Lat. sclarea, from clarus=clear, and prefix 
ex. Called by the apothecaries clear-eye, translated into Oculus 
Christi, Godes-eve, and See-bright, and eye-salves made of it. Salvia 
Sclarea, Linn. ‘Called in French Ornale or Fonte-bonne; it maketh 
men dronke and causeth headache, and therefore some Brewers do 
boyle it with their Bier in steede of Hoppes.’—Lyte’s Dodoens, 
edagns7.S, Dp. .25 3% 
. to. “Coleworts.” Dioscorides (quoted in Cogan’s Haven of 
Health, p. 49) says (lib. 2, cap. 113) that ‘‘if they be eaten last after 
meats, they preserue the stomacke from surfetting, and the head 
from drunkennesse. Yea some write, that if one would drinke 
much wine for a wager, and not be drunke, but to haue also a good 
stomacke to meate, that he should eate before the banquet raw 
Cabage leaues with Vinegar so much as he list, and after the 
banquet to eate againe foure or fiue raw leaues, which practice is 
much vsed in Germanie. . . . The Vine and the Coleworts be so 
contrarie by nature that if you plant Coleworts neere to the rootes 
of the Vine, of it selfe it will flee from them. Therefore it is no 
maruaile if Colewortes be of such force against drunkennesse ; 
But I trust no student will prooue this experiment, whether he may 
be drunken or not, if he eate Coleworte leaues before and after a 
feast.” 
39. 13. The numerous virtues of this herb are thus summed up 
in the King’s Coll. MS. of the Promptorium : 
“Bis duo dat maratrum, febres fugat atque venenum, 
Et purgat stomacum, sic reddit lumen acutum.” 
Macer gives a detailed account, in which the following remarkable 
passages occur: ‘‘Ppe edderes wole ete fenel, when her yen dasnyp, 
and so she getip ayene her clere sighte; and per poroghe it is 
founde and preved pat fenel dop profit to mannis yene: pe yen pat 
ben dusked, and dasnip, shul be anoynted with pe ius of fenelle rotis 
medeled with hony; and pis oynement shalle put a-way alle pe 
dasewenesse of hem, and make hem bry3t.” ‘The virtue of fennel 
in restoring youth, was a discovery attributed by Macer to serpents; 
‘‘Pis prouip auctours and filisoferis, for serpentis whan men (szc/ 
olde, and willeth to wexe stronge, myghty, and yongly a-yean, pei 
gon and eten ofte fenel, and pei become yongliche and myghty.”— 
MS. in the possession of H. W. Diamond, Esq. This herb is called 
in German Fenchel, Dutch Venckel. In Piers Plowman mention 
occurs of: “‘A ferthyng worth of fynkel-sede for fastinge daies;” 
C. vii. 360; spelt /emel in the other texts. ‘‘ Fenkylle or fenelle, 
JSeniculum.’—Prompt. Parv. ‘ Fenelle or fenkelle, fencculum, mara- 
‘rum.’—Catholicon Anglicum. 
