Notes and TIlustrations. 277, 
in Prompt. Parv. ‘ Grumelle, mz/ium, gramen solis.’—Catholicon 
Anglicum. 
45. 12. ‘“‘Louage,” spelt in Prompt. Parv. and in Holland’s 
Trans. of Pliny, /ove-ache, as though it were love-parsley. French 
levesche, A.S. lufestice, Levisticum officinale, Koch. 
45. 14. “Mandrake.” Matthioli (lib. iv. c. 61) tells us that 
Italian ladies in his own time had been known to pay as much as 
25 and 30 ducats for one of the artificial mandrakes (common 
white bryony) of itinerant quacks, and describes the process of 
their manufacture. ‘They were supposed to remove sterility ; hence 
Rachel’s anxiety to obtain them (Genesis xxx. 14). There were 
numerous other superstitions regarding this plant ; amongst others 
it was said to shriek when torn up. See Gerard’s Herbal, 1597, 
p- 280, and Peacock’s Glossary of Manley, etc., E.D. Soc. Lupton 
(Book of Notable Things, iii. 39) gives instructions for the manu- 
facture of Mandrakes from bryony roots. The true Mandrake is 
Atropa Mandragora, Linn. 
45. 15. Mogwort. ‘‘ Mugwort, aname that corresponds in meaning 
with its synonym wyrmwyrf, wormwood, from O.E. mough, moghe, 
or moughte, a maggot or moth. 
‘And wormes and moghes on pe same manere 
Sal pat day be in wittenes broght ;;—Hampole, Pricke of 
Conscience, |. 5572 ; and Wycliffe (Matt. vi. 20): 
‘Where neper ruste ne moughte destruyep.’ 
The name was given to this plant from its having been recom- 
mended by Dioscorides to ward off the attacks of: these insects. 
‘Mogwort, al on as seyn some, modirwort: lewed folk pat in 
manye wordes conne no rygt sownynge, but ofte shortyn wordys, 
and changyn lettrys and silablys, pey corruptyn pe o into w, and d 
into g, and syncopyn 7, smytyn awey 7 and 7, and seyn mugwort.’ 
—MS. Arundel, 42, f. 35. It is unnecessary to have recourse to 
this singular process. The plant was known both as a moth-wort 
and as a mother-wort, but while it was used almost exclusively as a 
mother-wort, it still retained, at the same time, the name of mug- 
wort, a synonym of moth-wort. In Aélfric’s glossary it is called 
matrum herba.’—Dr. R. A. Prior. See Brand’s Pop. Antiq. for an 
account of the superstitious custom of seeking under the root of 
this plant on Midsummer-eve for a coal, to serve as a talisman 
against many disasters. 
45: 18. “Rew.” —Shakspere, Hamlet, iv. 5- 181 7)% Bheres rue 
for you; and here’s some for me: we may call it herb-grace o’ 
Sundays.” And Winter’s Tale, iv. 4. 74: 
“For you there’s rosemary and rue; these keep 
Seeming and savour all the winter long: 
Grace and remembrance be to you both.” 
Some suppose it to have been called ‘‘ herb of grace” on account 
of the many excellent properties it was held to possess, being a 
