THE COCCIDAE OF CALIFORNIA. 63 



a manner that it can be moved either above or below the lobe. Each 

 of the other spines is situated near the middle of the base of the lobe it 

 accompanies. Female viviparous. 



Scale nf Male. The scale of the male resembles that of the female, 

 excepting that it is only one fourth as large; the posterior side is pro- 



FIG. 30. Chrysomphalus aurantii (Red Scale), a, male; 6, female scale, greatly enlarged; 

 c, male scale, greatly enlarged. 



longed into a flap, which is quite thin ; and the part which covers the 

 larval skin is often lighter than the remainder of the scale. 



Male. The male is light yellow, winged, with the thoracic band 

 brown, and the eyes purplish black. 



On orange, lemon, grape-fruit, sago palms, rose and various palms. 



While this species is called the "Red Scale of California," it is an 

 introduced species. It is also a very serious pest in other countries, 

 having been reported from Australia, China, Japan, New Zealand, 

 Samoa, Fiji, Hawaiian Islands, West Indies, and many other countries, 

 as well as several states in our own country. In California it is mostly 

 confined to the southern part of the State, where it is well known to 

 our citrus-growers. By strict quarantine, fumigation, and the use of 

 various sprays it has been practically held in subjection in some of the 

 counties, while in others it has been allowed to gain quite a foothold. 



