LUTHER BURBANK 
think of each listed variety as having the status of 
an individual rather than that of a race. 
The diversity of individul types becomes ex- 
plicable if we consider the history of their devel- 
opment. The apple has been under cultivation 
for some thousands of years. It has qualities that 
have made it a favorite with successive generations 
throughout the entire period. It has been taken 
everywhere with migrating races of men—it was 
brought to America, for example—until it girdled 
the globe and found its way almost to the Arctic 
Circle. 
The different races of apples thus developed 
have been from time to time intermingled through 
migrations of the peoples who cultivated the fruit, 
many of whom, doubtless from the earliest period, 
carried it with them in a dried state on their voy- 
ages, and thus incidentally transported its seeds 
and carried it into new regions. 
The varieties thus brought together have been 
cross-pollenized by the bees, and so the tendency 
to vary and to keep a great variety of ancestral 
traits in evidence has been perpetuated. 
Finally, in modern times there has been per- 
haps more attention given the apple by the horti- 
culturist than to any other single orchard fruit. 
The qualities of the apple and its adaptation to 
all tastes, zones, and soils naturally account for 
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