ENEMIES AND DISEASES OF BEES 179 



naphthol will retard the disease, but most bee-keepers 

 believe that it is not a sure remedy. 



BLACK BROOD 



This appeared in New York so frequently that it 

 was called the New York bee-disease. It was 

 differentiated from foul brood by Dr. Wm. R. 

 Howard, of Texas, who found the bacillus and 

 described it. The chief way of telling it from foul 

 brood is that the contents of the body of the dead 

 larva is jelly-like, instead of gluey. However, Dr. 

 Veranus Moore and Dr. G. Franklin White, of the 

 New York Veterinary College at Cornell University, 

 worked upon this disease for some time and, in 

 1903, reported that the bacillus of this disease is 

 alvei and identical with that discovered and dis- 

 scribed by Cohn as the cause of foul brood. 



PICKLED BROOD 



This disease of the brood differs from the others 

 in that the body-contents of the dead larva are 

 watery and that no peculiar stench in the hive 

 emanates from them. Neither is it so contagious as 

 foul brood, though it may seriously cripple an apiary, 

 if not checked. The remedy for foul brood is applied 

 with success to colonies suffering from this disease. 



DIARRHOEA 



This disease is part of the difficulty of wintering. 

 It is induced by the bees' habit of retaining waste 

 matter in the body until they can fly out of the hive, 



