ZOOLOGICAL ZONES 1531 



mammalian class, zoologically of higher value than 

 the order, are associated with equally contrasted 

 powers of endurance of different climates, whereby 

 man has become a denizen of every part of the globe 

 from the Torrid to the Arctic zones. 



Climate rigidly limits the range of the Quadru- 

 mana latitudinally; creational and geographical 

 causes limit their range in longitude. Distinct 

 genera represent each other in the same latitudes of 

 the New and Old Worlds; and also, in a great de- 

 gree, in Africa and Asia. But the development of 

 an orang out of a chimpanzee, or reciprocally, is 

 physiologically inconceivable. 



The order Ruminantia is principally represented 

 by Old World species, of which 162 have been de- 

 fined, while only 24 species have been discovered 

 in the New World, and none in Australia, New 

 Guinea, New Zealand, or the Polynesian Isles. 



The camelopard is now peculiar to Africa; the 

 musk-deer to Africa and Asia; out of fifty defined 

 species of antelope, only one is known in America, 

 and none in the central and southern divisions of the 

 New World v . The bison of North America is dis- 

 tinct from the bison of Europe. The musk-ox alone, 

 peculiar for its limitation, to high northern lati- 

 tudes, roams over the Arctic coasts of both Asia and 

 America. The deer tribe are more widely dis- 

 tributed. The camels and dromedaries of the Old 

 World are represented by the llamas and vicunas 

 of the New. As, in regard to a former (Tertiary) 

 zoological period, the fossil Camilidae of Asia are 

 of the genus Camilus, so those of America are of 



