1532 THE STORY OF THE UNIVERSE 



the genus Auchenia. This geographical restriction 

 ruled prior to any evidence of man's existence. 



Palaeontology has expanded our knowledge of the 

 range of the giraffe: during Miocene or old Pliocene 

 periods, species of Camelopardalis roamed in Asia 

 and Europe. Passing to the non-ruminant Artio- 

 dactyles, geology has also taught us that the hippo- 

 potamus was not always confined, as now, to African 

 rivers, but bathed, during Pliocene times, in those of 

 Asia and Europe. But no evidence has yet been had 

 that the giraffe or hippopotamus were ever other than 

 Old World forms of Ungulata. 



With respect to the hog tribe, we find that the true 

 swine (Sus) of the Old World are represented by 

 peccaries (Dicotyles) in the New; and geology has 

 recently shown that Tertiary species of Dicotyles 

 existed in North as well as South America. But no 

 true Sus has been found fossil in either division of 

 the New World, nor have the Dicotyles been found 

 fossil in the Old World of the geographer. One of 

 the earliest forms of the European rhinoceros was 

 devoid of the nasal weapon. 



Geology gives a wider range to the horse and ele- 

 phant kinds than was cognizant to the student of liv- 

 ing species only. The existing Equidae and Elephan- 

 tidae properly belong, or are limited, to the Old 

 World; and the elephants to Asia and Africa, the 

 species of the two continents being quite distinct. 

 The horse, as Buffon remarked, carried terror to the 

 eye of the indigenous Americans, viewing the animal 

 for the first time, as it proudly bore their Spanish 

 conqueror. But a species of Equus coexisted with the 



