MAN'S FIRST APPEARANCE 1653 



tortoises. It is plain, therefore, that at this time 

 the fauna of India stood in the same relation to the 

 present fauna as the European fauna of the late 

 Pleistocene does to that now living in Europe. In 

 both there was a familiar association of extinct and 

 living forms, from both the genus hippopotamus has 

 disappeared in the lapse of time, and in both man 

 forms the central figure. 



We are led from the region of tropical India to 

 the banks of the Delaware, in New Jersey, by the 

 recent discoveries of Dr. C. C. Abbott. Here, too, 

 living and extinct species are found side by side. 



Thus in our survey of the group of animals sur- 

 rounding man when he first appeared in Europe, In- 

 dia, and North America, we see that in all three re- 

 gions, so widely removed from each other, the animal 

 life was in the same stage of evolution, and "the old 

 order" was yielding "place unto the new." The 

 River-drift man is proved by his surroundings to be- 

 long to the Pleistocene age in all three. The evidence 

 of Palaeolithic man in South Africa seems to me 

 unsatisfactory, because the age of the deposits 

 in which the implements are found has not been 

 decided. 



The identity of the implements of the River-drift 

 hunter proves that he was in the same rude state of 

 civilization, if it can be called civilization, in the Old 

 and New Worlds, when the hands of the geological 

 clock pointed to the same hour. It is not a little 

 strange that his mode of life should have been the 

 same in the forests to the north and south of the Med- 

 iterranean, in Palestine, in the tropical forests of 



