RACES OF MANKIND 1673 



total number of its inhabitants in the present day. 

 Within the temperate latitudes of North America, 

 that is, within the valleys of the Mississippi and St. 

 Lawrence, with the Atlantic seaboard from the Gulf 

 of St. Lawrence southward, the white race is most 

 numerous. Five-sixths of the present population of 

 North America belong, either in whole or in part, 

 to the Caucasian stock. 



In the case of Australia, the diminution in the 

 numbers of the native race has been even more rapid 

 than in the case of the Western Continent. The white 

 race, whose date of settlement on the Australian 

 shores is as yet hardly more than three-quarters of a 

 century, now vastly outnumbers the indigenous tribes. 

 In Tasmania, the latter have indeed become* extinct. 

 Even in New Zealand, which was peopled by an 

 athletic tribe of savages when Captain Cook visited 

 it less than a century since, the colonial population, 

 planted on its shores within the last forty years, now 

 greatly outnumbers the native tribes, which, more- 

 over, undergo gradual diminution in numerical 

 amount. 



The Mongolian variety of man is distinguished 

 by a greater approach to squareness in the shape of 

 the skull (viewed from above), with greater promi- 

 nence in the cheek-bones so that lines prolonged 

 from the sides of the face upward meet in a point, 

 giving the entire framework of the head a pyram- 

 idal shape. The forehead is comparatively low 

 and slanting; the face and nose broad and flat; the 

 eyes deeply sunk, with the inner corner slanting to- 

 ward the nose; the complexion of an olive or yel- 



