298 ' THE CHICAGO ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



in having bicuspid lateral teeth. The habitat of Stagnicola is quite 

 different as a rule from that of the smaller Lymnseas, which prefer 

 the banks of small streams and shore debris, where they may crawl 

 out of water and remain in the air, while Stagnicola is partial to stag- 

 nant pools, ponds and lakes, and is seldom found out of the water. 



The name Stagnicola was first used by Leach in 1819 in his proof- 

 sheets. Jeffreys subsequently cited the name, in 1830, in Linn. Trans., 

 using Limncza palustris as the type. In 1833 Fitzinger, in his Syst. 

 Verz., established the name Limnophysa, but as he used the same type 

 (L. palustris) as that selected for Stagnicola, Leach's name must stand. 

 Brehm used the name in Ornithology in December, 1830, but as Jef- 

 frey's paper was published in May, Brehm's name becomes obsolete. 

 The name Omphiscola was used by Rafinesque in 1819 for a group 

 of shells which are thus described : "Differs from Lymnula (Lymnea 

 Auct.) by its inferior lip being detached from the columella and divided 

 from it by a long umbilicus. Family of Limnidse. Many lacustrine 

 and fluviatile species." As many of the species of Stagnicola are fre- 

 quently found with the inner lip thus separated (particularly reflexa), 

 I quite agree with Dr. Dall that Omphiscola is the same as Stagnicola. 

 As no type was cited by Rafinesque and as he lists no species under 

 the genus, the name cannot be used, although it is older than either 

 Stagnicola or Limnophysa. The characters used by Rafinesque have 

 no importance, even specifically. 



GROUP OF GALBA PALUSTRIS. 



Galba palustris (Miiller). Plate XXVI, figures 17-37; plate 

 XXXIII, figures 1-25 ; plate XXXIV, figure 20. 



Buccinum palustre MULLER, Verm. Terr., II, p. 131, 1774. BAKER, Science, 

 n. s., XXVII, p. 943, 1908. 



Helix palustris GEMLIN, Syst. Nat., p. 3658. 



Limncza palustris Sows., Tank. Cat., p. 42, 1826. GOULD, Bost Journ. 

 Nat. Hist., Ill, p. 488, 1841. HALDEMAN, Bost. Journ. N. H., IV, p. 468, 1844; 

 Rupp's Hist. Lancas. Co., p. 480, 1844. CPR., Rep. Brit. Asso., 1856, p. 222. 

 BINNEY, Check List, p. 12, 1860; Proc. Phil. Acad., 1861, p. 330. WHITE AVES, 

 Can. Nat. & Geol., VI, p. 458, 1861. WILLIAMSON, Can. Journ., n. s., VI, p. 

 327, 1861. WHITEAVES, Can. Nat. & Geo., VIII, p. 51, 1863. Commis. Geol. 

 Can., p. 966, 1864. CPR., Rep. Brit. Asso., 1864, p. 674. BINNEY, L. & F. W. 

 Sh. N. A., II, p. 45, figs. 61, 65, 66, 1865. TRYON, Amer. Journ. Conch., Ill, 

 p. 196, 1867; Amer. Journ. Conch., IV, p. 151, 1868. CURRIER, Kent. Sci. Inst, 

 Mis. Pub., No. 1, 1868. COOPER, Amer. Nat., Ill, p. 297, 1869. DALL, Ann. Lye. 

 Nat. Hist., IX, p. 340, 1870. BYRNES, Land & F. W. Sh. Cin., p. 2, 1872. CPR., 

 Smith. Mis. Coll., 1872, p. 160. TRYON, Con. Hald. Mon., p. 97 (71), 1872; 

 Proc. Phil. Acad., 1873, p. 286. SMITH, Rep. U. S. Fish. Com., p. 701, 1874. 

 CALKINS, Cin. Quart. Journ. Sci., I, pp. 243, 323, 1874. YARROW, U. S. Geog. 

 Surv. West 100th Merid., V, p. 942, 1875. GILBERT, 1. c., Ill, p. 100, 1875. 



