DISTILLATION OF LIQUIDS 39 



ocean, and other large bodies of water, is nature's great pro- 

 cess of distillation. Rain water, falling after a long period of 

 rain, is practically pure. Waterfalls and rapids cause the 

 oxygen of the air to mingle with the water and remove the 

 impurities by a process of combustion. Man purifies water 

 by boiling it and condensing the steam. If water boils 

 slowly, nothing but pure water passes off, except dissolved 

 gases and any liquid which has a lower boiling point than 

 water, all the solid impurities being left behind. If the steam 

 is condensed, we have what is called distilled water, and it 

 tastes very flat, as it has no air dissolved in it. Any material 

 which can be readily changed from a liquid to a vapor may 

 be distilled. Natural, sparkling water has quantities of air, 

 and sometimes carbon dioxide, dissolved in it. 



References: 



1. 1703 : 45-47. Distillation of Water. 



2. 1803 : 210-211. Distillation of Water, 

 a. 1701:50-51. Distillation. 



I. 1702 : 56-57. Distillation of Water. 



c. 1704 : 28-29. Distillation of Water. 



d. 1704 : 211. Distillation of Alcohol. 



e. 1706 : 39-40. Distillation of Water. 

 /. 1707 : 69-70. Distillation of Water. 

 g. 1708:30. Distillation. 



Experiment 17. Distillation. 



Apparatus: Ring stand, burner, asbestos mat, flask 250c.c., 

 rubber stopper with one hole, glass tubing J' 7 diameter, rubber, 

 tubing, to make connections, test tube 6" X f ", beaker 150 c.c. 



Materials : Table salt, molasses, yeast. 



a. Fill flask one half full of salty water, which is dirty 

 (a small amount of mud may be placed in the water), insert 

 stopper, fitted with glass tube, connect by means of the rubber 



