APPENDIX. 



SUGGESTIONS FOE LABOKATORY STUDIES AND 

 DEMONSTRATIONS. 



The " Laboratory Directions in General Biology," published 

 and copyrighted by Prof. E. A. Andrews of Johns Hopkins 

 University, will be found extremely useful and practical. Also 

 the following : Huxley and Martin's "Practical Biology " (Howes 

 and Scott), and the accompanying ' ' Atlas of Biology, ' ' by Howes ; 

 Marshall and Hurst's "Practical Zoology," Colton's "Practical 

 Zoology," Bumpus's "Invertebrate Zoology," Dodge's "Ele- 

 mentary Practical Biology," Brooks' s "Handbook of Inverte- 

 brate Zoology." According to our experience, the periods for 

 the course should be so arranged as to afford laboratory work 

 and recitations or quizzes in about the proportions of three to 

 two (for example, three periods of laboratory work and demon- 

 stration to two of quiz), for a half-year. 



CHAPTER I. (INTRODUCTORY.) 



It is convenient to give at the outset one or more practical 

 lessons on the microscope, affording the student an opportunity to 

 learn its different parts, use its adjustments, test the magnifying 

 power of the various combinations, etc. A good object for a 

 first examination is a human hair, which serves as a convenient 

 standard of size for comparison with other things. Other good 

 objects are starches, the scales from a butterfly's wing (sketch 

 under different powers), a drop of milk or blood, and powdered 

 carmine or gamboge rubbed up in water (to show the Brownian 

 movement). The student should compare the same object as 

 seen under the simple and the compound microscope (to show 



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