COOPERATION IN SCIENCE 109 



view that "true experimenting Las this one thing 

 inseparable from it, never to be a fixed and settled 

 art, and never to be limited by constant rules." In 

 its incipience at least it is evident that the Royal 

 Society was filled with the spirit of tolerance and 

 cooperation, and was singularly free from the spirit 

 of envy and faction. 



Not least important of the joint labors of the So- 

 ciety were its publications, which established con- 

 tacts and stimulated research throughout the scien- 

 tific world. Besides the Philosophical Transactions, 

 which, since their first appearance in 1665, are the 

 most important source of information concerning the 

 development of modern science, the Royal Society 

 printed many important works, among which the 

 following will indicate its early achievements : 



Hooke, Robert, M icrographia : or some Physiological 

 Descriptions of Minute Bodies made by Magnifying 

 Glasses. 1665. 



Graunt, John, Natural and Political Observations . . . 

 made upon the Bills of Mortality, with reference to the 

 Government, Religion, Trade, Growth, Air, Diseases, and 

 the several changes of the City. 3d edition, 1665. 



Sprat, Thomas, The History of the Royal Society of Lon- 

 don, for the Improving of Natural Knowledge. 1667. 



Malpighi, Marcello, Dissertatio epistolica de Bombyce; 

 Societati Regies Londini dicata. 1669. (On the silk- 

 worm.) 



Evelyn, John, Sylva, or a Discourse of Forest Trees. 1670. 



Horrocks, Jeremiah, Opera [Astronomica] postuma. 1673. 



Malpighi, Marcello, Anatome Plantarum. 1675. 



Willughby, Francis, Ornithology (revised by John Ray). 

 1676. 



Evelyn, John, A Philosophical Discourse of Earth, relating 

 to the Culture and Improvement of it for Vegetation. 1676. 



Grew, Nehemiah, The Anatomy of Plants. 1682. 



