INTERACTION OF THE SCIENCES 141 



geology. In 1815 he completed an extensive geolog- 

 ical map of England, on which all subsequent geo- 

 logical maps have been modeled. It took into account 

 the collieries, mines, canals, marshes, fens, and the 

 varieties of soil in relation to the substrata. 



Later (1816-1819) Smith published four vol- 

 umes, Strata Identified by Organized Fossils, 

 which put on record some of his extensive observa- 

 tions. His mind was practical and little given to 

 speculation. It does not lie in our province here to 

 trace his influence on Cuvier and other scientists, 

 but to add his name as a surveyor and engineer to 

 the representatives of mineralogy, chemistry, physics, 

 mathematics, philosophy, and various industries and 

 vocations, which contributed to the early develop- 

 ment of modern geology. 



REFERENCES 



Sir A. Geikie, Founders of Geology. 



James Hutton, Theory of the Earth. 



Sir Charles Lyell, Principles of Geology. 



John Playfair, Illustrations of the Huttonian Theory. 



K. A. v. Zittel, History of Geology and Palaeontology. 



