144 BACTERIOLOGY. 



during the relapses, and are absent during the non- 

 febrile intervals. Their number is variable, but usu- 

 ally is strikingly great. Outside the body, in blood 

 serum and 50 per cent, salt solution, the threads 

 preserve their movements. From analogy to the 

 Spirillum plicatile it is presumed that these threads 

 are composed of articulated rods and cocci. Mon- 

 keys have been inoculated with success from man,* 

 but inoculations of mice, rabbits, sheep, and pigs, 

 gave negative results. 



The spirilla were found in the blood of the in- 

 oculated monkeys in great numbers, and also in the 

 brain, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, and skin ; and 

 are believed to be the cause of the disease. 



METHODS OF STAINING THE SPIRILLUM OBERMEIERI. 



In cover-glass preparations of blood the spirilla stain 

 strongly with fuchsine, methyl-violet, gentian-violet, or 

 bismarck-brown. 



In sections, brown aniline stains must be employed. 



Genus III. Leuconostoc. 



Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Cienkowski 

 (Gomme de sucrerie, Froschlaichpiiz^ jFrogspawn 

 fungus). Cells singly, in chains, or in zooglcea, 

 surrounded by a thick gelatinous envelope. The life- 

 history hasbeen very thoroughly investigated.! The 



* Carter, Lancet, 1879 and 1880 ; Koch, Cohn's Beitrdge. 

 t Cienkowski, Die Gallertbildungen d. Zuckerriibensaftes, 1878 ; 

 and Van Tieghem, Sur la gomme du sucrerie, Ann. Sc.Nat., 1879. 



