30 



however, that plants cannot be safely shifted with a soft woody growth 

 upon them, as is often the case in the autumn. "When suitable plants 

 cannot be obtained in the autumn, it will be advisable to delay the 

 planting of evergreens till late in the spring, or even the beginning of 

 summer, and on no account should it be done during the dead winter 

 months. Many young trees perish through being planted at an unsuitable 

 time of the year. The very best time for planting evergreens is just 

 after midsummer, if the necessary care in shading and watering can be 

 given. At this season of the year they are nearly stationary, though 

 soon afterwards active growth commences. This the plants woald have 

 the advantage of, and be able to get thoroughly established before the 

 winter sets in. 



System of Planting. Orchards and vineyards should be invariably 

 planted in straight lines, so as to enable the ground to be worked in the 

 most convenient manner. They should be either planted in squares, or 

 in the Quincunx style, which allows the ground to be worked in three 

 directions. As a rule, it will be advisable to plant each kind of fruit, 

 or even varieties, by themselves, to facilitate treatment. This is more 

 especially essential with irrigation, as one kind may require watering 

 when another does not. In order to economise space, some growers 

 plant intermediate trees, and this is a very good plan provided it is 

 not allowed to interfere with the growth of the permanent plants. 

 These temporary trees will often give good returns, and have also a 

 beneficial effect by acting as nurses to the permanent ones. It is a 

 common practice in Europe to plant dwarf trees or bushes between the 

 larger trees, and this plan may often be adopted with advantage in this 

 part of the world. 



MIXED PLANTING. 



^. -X---o~ --.-*- -X - ^ 





 o o o v 9 o o o o 4 



x 4 



----- --*- -*- - --* -<:) 



O Permanent Trees. x Temporary Trees. o Bushes. 



