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able time for branch-pruning, when necessary, is just after the fruit is 

 gathered 



Orange and Lemon. The fruit of these trees is produced upon the 

 current season's wood, and but litttle pruning is required, as a rule ; all 

 that is necessary is to remove the inner and useless branches that 

 impede the admission of light and air, and to keep down rank shoots. 

 Root-pruning is rarely required. The most favourable time for pruning 

 is directly after the crop has been removed. 



Peach and Nectarine. These fruits are practically the same, and as 

 a matter of course, require similar treatment. The fruit is produced 

 chiefly upon wood of the previous season's growth, and the trees require 

 more priming than any other stone-bearing kinds. It is necessary, in 

 order to keep up a supply of vigorous young wood, that the shoots 

 should be thinned out and shortened back to about half their length. 

 Summer pruning is very serviceable, and should be generally 

 practised. Root-pruning is sometimes serviceable for over-vigorous 

 trees. 



Pear. This tree bears in a similar way to the Apple, and must be 

 treated in the same way to a certain extent. Root-pruning is, however, 

 more often required than with the Apple ; in fact, no fruit trees require 

 root-pruning to the same extent as Pears, as they are prone to make 

 woody growth in abundance and bsar but little fruit. Root-pruning 

 will often conduce to the fertility of trees in this condition. Summer 

 pruning is useful. 



Plum. The fruit of this tree is borne upon spurs of one, two and 

 three years' growth ; but chiefly upon those of the previous season. 

 Bub little pruning is, as a rule, required with mature trees, except the 

 thinning out of crowded and the removal of misplaced branches. Summer 

 pruning is sometimes useful. Root-pruning will often have a beneficial 

 effect when trees are making an over-strong woody growth, and yielding 

 but little fruit. 



Quince. This tree bears in a similar manner to the Apple. and Pear, 

 and the main branches tequire but little pruning, except the thinning 

 out of crowded shoots. '1 he tree has, however, a great tendency to 

 produce rank shoots from the stem, and these should be cut away in 

 pruning. Root-pruning will often prove useful when there is an over- 

 luxuriant growth. 



Raspberty. The fruit of this plant is produced upon canes of the 

 previous season's growth. Immediately after the fruiting season is 

 over, the canes that have borne should be cut away, and all the suckers 

 or young ones, excepting from three to six of the strongest, which must 

 be left to supply bearing wood for the next crop. These young canes 

 should during the winter be shortened back to 3 or 4 feet, according to 

 their strength. Root-pruning is not required. 



Walnut. This tree bears upon wood of the previous year's growth, 

 and requires but little or no pruning. All that is necessary is to remove 

 rank snoots, and thin out crowded branches. Root-pruning is seldom 

 practised, though it may prove useful for over-strong trees that are shy 

 bearers. 



