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or around them, to keep down Caterpillars, Slugs or Snails. Rather more 

 lasting in its effects than slaked lime. 



Sulphate of Iron (Green Vitriol). This is said to be a very effective 

 and cheap remedy for Mildews and Rusts. Mix at the rate of lib. to 5 

 gallons of water. Apply as a spray when the atmosphere is damp, or 

 in the evenings. This material may also be used in stronger solutions 

 for watering the surface soil, where fungus germs are supposed to be. In 

 addition to its value as a fungicide, sulphate of iron is also serviceable 

 as a manure. 



Sulphur. An old and excellent remedy for various fungi, and more 

 especially the Oidium on vines, for which it is Ihe most effective cure. 

 Sulphur may be used as a powder dusted over the affected plant*, or as 

 a preventive. The fumes are also very effective when the sulphur is 

 burnt, not only for fungi, but also with some of the smaller insects. 

 Powdered sulphur may also be used with advantage in combination 

 with soft-soap and lime. 



Tar Water. This is of some value as an insecticide, as it is very 

 obnoxious to many pests, such as Caterpillars, Slugs and Wood Lice. One 

 pound of tar to 50 gallons of water will yield a strong' solution, which 

 may be used as a spray, or sprinkled over the surface soil, as may be 

 necessary. 



Tobacco. This is an old-fashioned but excellent insecticide, and may 

 be applied with advantage to the Aphides and other soft small insects. 

 It may be used as a powder, in a liquid form and as a vapour or smoke. 

 Snuff or powder may be dusted over plants that are affected with any of 

 the small "flies" with good effect. Tobacco water, made by steeping 

 the leaves or stems in water for 48 hours, is a very effectual application 

 when sprayed or syringed. The vapour or smoke, as a matter of course, 

 can only be used effectively in an enclosed space, and is scarcely 

 practicable by fruit-growers. Tobacco may also be used to advantage in 

 combination with sulphur and soap. 



Walnut-leaf Water. Though it is not generally known, the leaves of 

 the Walnut yield an excellent insecticide that is very effective in keeping 

 down Aphides, Red Spider, Thrips and other of the smaller pests. Take 

 fresh leaves and pour over them about twice their bulk of boiling water ; 

 let them soak for 48 hours, pour off the liquor and apply as a fine spray. 



There are also many excellent proprietary insecticides and fungicides 

 which may be used with advantage by fruit-growers. 



