62 



TUFTED LEAF BLIGHT. 

 Increased 100 Diameters. 



will be its action as the greater will be the exposed surface, hi 

 Prance it is a practice to mix the sulphur with soot as by reason of 

 its dark colour the latter absorbs more readily the heat from the 

 sun, and causes a more active giving oft' of the sulphur fumes. The 

 quantity of sulphur required for each dressing must necessarily vary 

 to some extent according to the size of the plants, the distance apart 

 and the stage of growth. For a vineyard planted ten by ten about 

 15 Ibs. will be sufficient for a first dressing-, per acre. A second 

 dressing will take about double the quantity required for the first 

 one as there will be a much larger expanse of foliage. For the same 

 reason the after dressings will take from 35 to 40 Ibs. each. 



Tufted Leaf Klight. This somewhat common 

 disease in Australasian vineyards is caused 

 by a fungus known as Cercos^ora viticolo 

 (Cladosporium ampelinum), which appears in 

 the form of numerous rounded or ii -regular 

 spots upon the leaves, which vary in size from 

 minute points to half-an-inch. These spots 

 when small are in colour a dark brownish 

 purple, but when larger they become paler in 

 the centre. As it develops, the fungus forms 

 minute tufts of black or very dark green which 

 are barely visible to the eye, but which when 

 seen under a microscope have the appearance 

 as shown by the illustration. This fungus 

 like most others produces its spores in great 

 numbers and increases rapidly. Though 

 troublesome, however, it is less hurtful than 

 some other fungi. In treating this disease it 

 is advisable to destroy affected leaves as far 

 as may be practicable. Remedies: 1. Lime 

 in a powdered state dusted over the affected 

 Vines. 2. Eau Celeste. 3. Bordeaux Mixture. 



White Rot: This disease is caused by a 

 fungus known as Coniothyriiim diplodeillia 

 which has been prevalent in various parts of 



Australia during the last few years. It is a very troublesome pest, 

 and causes much damage in vineyards that it attacks. The effects 

 of this disease are similar to those produced by Aiithracnose and it 

 is somewhat alike in appearance to a superficial observer. H 

 attacks the leaves, shoots, and fruit, and seem to affect some varieties 

 to a much greater extent than others. When the leaves are attacked. 

 brown irregular patches appear upon the upper surface. Soon after 

 their appearance the patches are covered with a bluish grey mould. 

 When the young leaves are attacked they often turn black and 

 wither off as from the action of frost. As the patches mature tlioy 

 break away, the spores of the fungus are spread and another 

 germination takes place. When the shoots are attacked the disease 

 most generally appears at the joints and often runs in longtitudinal 



Tufts bearing finger- 

 shaped spores growing 

 upon the upper surface 

 of the leaf. 



Upper surface of leaf. 

 Suckers or Roots. 



