strips. The effects are at first small swellings and discoloration, and 

 the bark detaches itself in strips from the wood. The wood has a 

 blistered appearance and when badly attacked dies back. White 

 Rot sometimes attacks the bunches when the berries are the size of 

 .small peas, but more generally when they are fully grown, and 

 first appears in the form of small brown shining spots. These spots 

 increase rapidly, and in a few days cover the entire surface. The 

 effect is that the berries gradually shrivel up and in some cases 

 drop oif . The following preparations have proved effective remedies^ 

 for the White Rot fungus: 1. Sublimated Sulphur 14 lb., Slaked 

 Lime 5 lb., and Sulphate of Copper 1 lb. These materials which 

 must be crushed to a fine powder, and thoroughly mixed, form a 

 preparation known as Sulphatiiie. It is applied as a powder in the 

 same way as sulphur. 2. Bluestone and Sodium Carbonate used as 

 a spray. 3. Sulphate of Iron used as a spray. Directions for 

 making and using No.'s 2 and 3 remedies will be found at pages 

 99 and 100, volume 1. Cultivators must bear in mind that in the 

 use of remedies for this disease prompt action is necessary as soon 

 as it can be detected. 



FRUIT NOT SETTING. 



\ 



This is not a common occurrence, and may result from various 

 causes. The most general cause is due to atmospheric conditions, 

 :such as an abnormally low temperature or excess of rain at the time 

 the flowers make their appearance. Frost will often cause the 

 .abortion of the flowers, and heavy rain sometimes washes off the 

 pollen, and prevents fecundation. In many cases the result is brought 

 about by the action of minute insects or fungi. Other probable 

 causes are over-luxuriant growth or want of vigour in the plant at 

 the flowering period. Sometimes the tendency to failure is owing to 

 short pruning, as some varieties have inferior fruit buds in the 

 shoots near to the stocks, or none at all. Some varieties have a 

 much greater tendency to fail through the non-setting of the fruit 

 than others, which is a proof that atmospheric conditions are the 

 principal cause. The evil can scarcely be altogether avoided, but 

 -cultivators may mitigate it materially by excluding varieties that are 

 specially liable to be affected, care in pruning so that each vine is 

 treated according to its particular requirements, and judicious culti- 

 vation. The French term for the non-setting of Grapes is " Coulure," 

 and this name is frequently used in Australasia. 



BERRIES MAKING IRREGULAR GROWTH. 



Sometimes, and more especially with a few varieties, the berries 

 set freely, but they develop irregularly, so that while some retain 

 their normal size, others increase in bulk but slightly, or not at 

 all. Consequently, the bunches are composed of uneven berries, some 



