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in appearance and habits, but is lighter in colour. Aphides not only 

 injure the trees by feeding upon the foliage and young shoots, but, 

 through their excreta, are also one of the causes of the \in sightly ' Sooty 

 Blight ;i that frequently disfigures trees of the Citrus family. Remedies 

 Various means may be adopted with success in dealing with Aphides, 

 1, Kerosene Emulsion. 2, Tobacco Water, 3, Soft Soap and Tobacco 

 Water, 4, Quassia, 5, Elder Leaf Water, <>, Walnut Leaf Water, also 

 various patent insecticides. All the remedies named are effective, ~anrt 

 should be applied as fine sprays in the evening. Full directions for 

 preparing and using the various remedies will be found in volume 1 , 

 pages 00 to 1 02. 



Itorers. Several kinds of boring insects cause damage to Citrus trees, 

 and very often do serious injury. Prominent among this class of pests is 

 a longicorn beetle known as Uracantku* cryptopha0u&, which is rather 

 widely distributed in New South Wales, and perhaps in other colonies. 

 The damage done by this insect in its grub or larval stage is very 

 considerable. The full-grown larva is large as compared with the perfect 

 insect, or beetle, and usually measures from two and a-half to three inches 

 in length. It is nearly cylindrical, and has a small pointed head. In 

 colour it is pale yellow, with a black head. The pupa is about two 

 inches and a-half in length, and in colour is yellowish-brown. The beetle 

 is a slender brownish-grey insect, measuring about an inch and a half in 

 length. This pest is propagated by the parent beetle depositing its eggs 

 on the smaller branches of the trees, and as soon as they are hatched the 

 young larva begins to eat its way into the wood. The grub seems to 

 prefer the centre of the branch that it attacks, and makes .1 clean 

 cylindrical bore, often to a considerable length. It attacks both branches 

 and trunk, and enlarges its burrow as it increases in size, making small 

 openings occasionally to the side. The result of an attack from these 

 insects is that the branches become weakened and break off, and the trees 

 fail in health when the trunks are affected. Orange and other trees of the 

 Citrus family are sometimes attacked with insects belonging to the Weevil 

 family, as also other beetles. The Elephant Beetle in particular is very 

 destructive to trees of the Orange family. Boring pests are very difficult 

 to deal with, and there are no absolute remedies or preventatives. For 

 those kinds that make their attacks above ground, the better plan is 

 to watch for the eggs or germs, and destroy them as far as is practicable. 

 The trunks of affected trees should be dressed with Alka'line Wash 

 occasionally. If boring insects have attacked the roots the best remedy 

 is Bi-sulphide of Carbon. Full directions for preparing and using these 

 remedies will be found at pages 88 and 89, volume 1. 



Fruit-eting beetles. Sometimes Citrus fruit are injured by the larvae 

 of small beetles (or bugs, as they are sometimes called), which puncture 

 the rinds and extract the juices of Oranges and Lemons. Sometimes they 

 make innumerable punctures in the fruit and cause it to shrivel or fall off 

 prematurely. These insects also attack the buds and young shoots often 

 in this way, causing serious injury to growth. One of the most trouble- 

 some of this class of insects is the Orange Bronze Beetle (Oncoscelis 

 sulciventris), which is widely distributed in the northern districts of New 



