-orange blotches. Remedies : The treatment required is the same as for 

 other leaf-feeding caterpillars, viz., spraying with solutions of Paris Green, 

 London Purple, Tobacco Water, Kerosene Emulsion (mild), Elder Leaf 

 Water, and Walnut Leaf Water. Lime dusted over the trees helps 

 materially to keep all kinds of caterpillars in check. Hellebore powder 

 is also a very effective remedy. Full directions for the preparation and 

 use of the remedies named will be found in pages 90 to 102, volume 1. 

 This insect, however, and others of the same class have natural enemies"' 

 in the form of " fly " parasites, one of them being shown in the illustration. 

 These parasites materially assist in preventing the spread of the Orange 

 Moth. 



Rtrst Mite. It is not an uncommon thing for Oranges to have a brown 

 rusty appearance, which is very much against them when they are sent to 

 market, and sometimes causes them to be almost unsaleable In the 

 Orange orchards of New South Wales this discolouration is called the 

 " Maori " disease, in allusion to the brown appearance of the fruit. The 

 cause of the evil is a very small four-legged " Mite," known as Phytoptns 

 oleivorus, and insect closely allied to the Pear Mite. This insect punctures 

 the oil cells of the rind and causes the oil to exude. This oil, after 

 escaping from the cells, dries upon the rind, and exposure to the air gives 

 it the dark rusty appearance. The insect usually makes its appearance 

 early in the summer, and continues its work till the beginning of the 

 winter. It often attacks the fruit when it is small, and not only gives it 

 an unsightly appearance, but prevents it from attaining its normal size. 

 When the fruit becomes badly discoloured it is, as a rule, deserted by the 

 " Mites," who seek fresh pastures. Remedies : 1. Kerosene Emulsion, 

 used as a spray, 2. Whale-oil Soap in the proportion of one pound to fifty 

 gallons of water, also used as a spray. The spraying should be done in 

 the evenings, and ought to be commenced as soon as the insect is detected. 

 If allowed to make much headway the insects will be able to cause the 

 discolouration of the fruit, and remedial measures will be comparatively 

 useless. It may also prove necessary to give several sprayings to keep 

 the insects under. 



tf&tle. The insects commonly known under this name are the most 

 troublesome pests with which the growers of Citrus fruits have to contend. 

 They include several species, each embracing numerous varieties, and all 

 .are injurious to a great extent. Some kinds confine themselves to 

 particular plants, while others are more cosmopolitan in their habits and 

 attack various trees and shrubs. The principal kinds that attack trees of 

 the Citrus family are as follows : Black, or Olive, Scale (Lecnmnm oha}. 

 This is a medium-sized dark-coloured insect which greatly affects Olive 

 trees, hence the name. It, however, is equally troublesome to the Citrus 

 family, and often causes serious injury. Leruon Scale (Mytilaspis citricola}. 

 This insect affects both foliage and fruit when it makes its appearance, 

 .and often quite disfigures the latter. It is an elongated and slightly 

 curved " Scale," as will be seen by the illustration, and is of a dark 

 colour. Long Scale (Aspidiotus Gloverii). This insect is long, hence its 

 common name, and very destructive to the foliage of the trees it attacks. 

 Purple Scale (Aspidiotus citrico!}. This insect appears to be very 



