FARM ANIMALS. 19 



11. FARM ANIMALS. 



CHARACTERISTICS OF BREEDS OF LIVE 

 STOCK. 



By Prof. J. A. Craig, of Iowa Agricultural College. 



I. Light Horses. 



The Thoroughbred. — Leading characteristics: running speed 

 (Salvator, 1:35^, holds the world's mile record), quality, stam- 

 ina, and ambition. Common colors : brown, bay, chestnut. 

 Distinctive features : refined appearance, lengthy neck, deep 

 chest, long body, straight croup, long thighs and pasterns, 

 dense bone, firm muscle, active temperament, rangy type 

 standing 16 hands. Most common defects : light bodies, 

 lengthy pasterns, long legs, irritable temperament. Bred 

 principally for racing, which has given them endurance and 

 spirit. They are suited for mating with mares weighing 11 to 

 12 cwt., with the object of producing strong drivers or stylish 

 carriage and saddle horses. 



The Afjietican Trotter. — Chief characteristics : speed at the 

 trotting gait. World's record for one mile against time is that 

 of Alix, 2:o3f. The type of the leading campaigners is that 

 towards which the trotter is tending; it is that of a horse re- 

 quired to have the endurance, ambition, and conformation to 

 maintain trotting speed. Most general features: intelligent 

 heads, light necks, low deep chests, oblique shoulders, long 

 forearm, short cannons, round body rising slightly over loin, 

 long croup and thighs, low hocks. Most common defects: 

 undersize, deficiency in style, finish, and substance, Sphere; 

 coach or carriage horses, roadsters, and trotters. 



