CREAMERIES AND CHEESE FACTORIES. 301 



tin dipper, a Scovell sampling-tube, or from a drip in the 

 conductor-spout. 



8. Each lot of milk sampled must be sweet, containing 

 no clots, lumps of curdled milk, or small butter-granules. 

 The sample should be taken just as soon as the milk is 

 weighed, and while it is evenly mixed. 



9. The use of a small (i-oz.) tin dipper for taking the 

 composite sample has been proved to be practically correct. 

 As the quantities of milk delivered from day to day by 

 each patron vary but little, the error introduced by taking 

 the same amount of milk for each sample is too small to 

 be worth considering in factory work, and this method of 

 composite sampling is usually adopted in separator cream- 

 eries and in cheese-factories, where the payment of the 

 milk is based on its quality. 



10. When it is desired to vary the size of the samples ac- 

 cording to the quantity of milk delivered each day by a 

 patron, it is necessary to use a "milk-thief" or a Scovell 

 sampling-tube. In using either of these tubes, the size of 

 the sample is regulated by the amount of milk in the weigh- 

 can. In all cases cylindrical sampling-cans must be used. 



11. Continue adding a sample of each patron's milk to his 

 particular jar every time he delivers milk, for a week or ten 

 days ; then test this composite sample. 



12. The composite sample-jars should be kept covered, 

 to prevent loss by evaporation, and in a cool, dark place. 

 Every time a new portion of milk is added to the jar it 

 should be given a horizontal rotary motion to mix the cream 

 already formed in the jar with the milk, and to rinse off the 

 cream sticking to its side. Unless this is done every time 

 fresh portions of milk are added to the jar the cream on the 

 milk becomes lumpy and sticks in patches to the side of 

 the jar, thus making it nearly impossible to evenly dis- 

 tribute this cream through the entire sample. 



13. Composite samples having patches of dried cream on 

 the inside of the jar are the result of carelessness or igno- 

 rance on the part of the operator. 



14. A test of the composite sample takes the place of the 

 daily tests of each lot of milk and gives accurate ^nforma- 



