fine a texture becomes liable to injur)-, 

 and how small an interruption of the pro- 

 gress of the sap, in a young tree, may lay 

 the foundation of maladies of which it 

 can never recover ; but, like an infant 

 child which has imbibed the seeds of dis- 

 ease from neglect and bad nursing, only 

 lives to linger out its period of exist- 

 ence in pain to itself and without benefit 

 to its fellow-creatures. Now, when we 

 consider the bad effects caused on the 

 human body by contusions which pro- 

 duce s vvellingF and gangrene, arising from 

 the circulation of the blood in its vessels 

 being checked, we may suppose similar 

 bad effects to be produced from any stop- 

 page of the natural circulation on which 

 the health and existence of all kinds of 

 trees so materially depend. Injuries of 

 this sort may be caused in various ways, 

 for instance, by the bark and wood be- 

 coming bruised from any accidental blow; 

 by too tightly tying tlie stem or larger 

 branches for training, &cc. ; by sheep and 

 other animals being permitted to rub 

 themselves against the stems, whereby 

 B 4 



