QO 



tisually get our young stocks fit io graft 

 in two years, and in two, or probably 

 three years more, to become fine stan- 

 dard trees, sufficiently large for orchard 

 planting ; and, in fact, if they are suf- 

 fered to remain longer, unless repeatedly 

 removed, as above described, the root 

 generally becomes too old for the tree to 

 be transplanted with success. 



In the manner in which we have seen 

 the generality of orchards formed, a hcle 

 is made two or three feet in diameter, 

 and probably as deep, and this perhaps 

 in a stiff clay, or holding soil, in which 

 the tree is planted, and if meadow *, the 

 grass is suffered to grow all over the 

 land, even to the stem of the tree ; or, if 

 arable, the crop covers all the land in a 

 similar manner ; and thus the tree is left 

 without the advantage even of having 



* In a meadow newly planted as orchard, near 

 Ludlow, I observed the grass not having grown 

 over where the holes had been made for the trees, 

 the proprietor had endeavoured to husband this 

 part of his land, by planting beans verj' thick on 

 all the spaces; and a fine croj) there was, but it 

 was certainly at the poor ap])le trees' expense. 



