Esthetic Forestry 195 



locks may come in, singly and in groups, especially in 

 glades and depressions, or, where an opening exists on an 

 elevation, the Hght-needing pines and larches may find a 

 place. 



Whatever may be true in the formal pleasure park, in 

 the pleasure forest it is not beautiful to plant all kinds of 

 trees in all sorts of places, merely for the sake of variety. 

 The great charm of the pleasure forest lies in its naturalness. 



We must insist again that naturalness is the object of the 

 woodland park. Hence in thinning out we would not, as 

 is recommended by some, cut with reference to the individ- 

 ual merit' or beauty of the single tree, removing interfering 

 trees to allow it to develop freely. On the contrary, except 

 to prevent suppression of specially desirable species or indi- 

 viduals, natural adjustment should be allowed to take its 

 course, the a.xe correcting rather than directing development. 



Nevertheless, we want to ha\'e it well understood that 

 "whether in woodland or plantation, the work of the axe 

 is never completed; it is vandalism to lay it away." The 

 cutting must, however, be done under a well-conceived plan, 

 with a knowledge of what its effect should be and will be. 



It is usually best to select and mark in summer the trees 

 to be cut, for then conditions of the leaf canopy — the decid- 

 ing feature — can be easily seen, but the actual work of 

 removal is better left to the winter months, when it inter- 

 feres least with the pleasure of visitors. 



While orderly appearance makes necessary the removal 

 of the fallen leaves from lawns, it is worse than waste of 

 time to do this in the woodland park, unless necessitated by 

 the warfare on some insect pest. 



As regards the insect pests, it is e\ident that spraying is 

 practically excluded, and hence collecting, mechanical 

 destruction, or baiting are the only practical measures. 



