21 8 Trees for Shade and Ornament 



Chamaecyparis. (By some classed with Cupressiis, and some forms 

 called Relinispora.) Cedar. A genus of medium size to tall, highly 

 ornamental trees, with five species (but nearly one hundred nursery 

 men's forms) which are characterized by the broad, flattened sprays of 

 foliage, and pyramidal habit, with erect branches. The foliage is very 

 variable, and changes with age; the young form, which largely gives 

 rise to the many nursery forms {Relinispora, formerly called Retino- 

 spora) is linear and sometimes sharp-pointed. These latter are especially 

 fine in masses. With the exception of (6), which is native as far north 

 as Maine, the other two species from the Pacific Coast and the Japanese 

 forms, are only semi-hardy north of New York. Moist, sandy soil is 

 generally preferable; they are somewhat shade-enduring. 



C. sphceroidca Spach. (thuyoides) (6), White Cedar, is especially 

 well developed in New Jersey and southward along the coast; a medium- 

 sized, graceful tree, of spreading habit, with light green foliage, re- 

 sembling the Arborvitae. 



C. Lawsoniana Pari. (7), Lawson's Cypress, from the northern Pa- 

 cific Coast, is the best known ornamental species, excelling in its 

 graceful foliage and pendulous branch tips — an Arborvitae foliage with 

 Hemlock habit. It is extremely variable, giving rise to over sixty forms, 

 with varieties in color and habit. It is best used as single specimen 

 on the lawn and especially near water. 



C. NootkcBusis Spach. (8), the Alaska Yellow Cedar, is hardly yet 

 introduced for ornamental planting, but claims attention. 



C. obtusa S. er' Z. (9), and pisifera S. df Z. (10), the two Japanese 

 species, the former quite hardy, the latter less so, are better known in 



their varieties under the name oi» Relinispora and dwarf forms, 



among which especially the feathery plumosa (loa) and the sil- 

 very blue sqiiarrosa {lob), excel in elegance; nana (dwarf) 



(loc), and pygmaa (pygmy) (io(/) in low stature, with several 



brilliant aiirea (loc) (golden) varieties. They are fit for small 



places. 



C. ohtiisa generally furnishes the potted Japanese dwarf trees. 



Thuja or Thuya (including Biota), Arhorvitce, also called White 

 Cedar, are tall to medium size, rapid growing trees of regular, formal, 

 conical habit witli short, much ramified branches. Their formality is 

 such that they may not be planted in masses except as screens or wind- 

 breaks, or for hedges, for which they are well adapted, as they bear 

 pruning well. They are especially effective near the border of water, 



