AI'l'K.NDIX 111 263 



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CYPRESS. 



Cypress (Tn.rndimi/ (/Ishc/nnu) (i)ald cypress; black, white, and red 

 cypress) : AVood in appearance, quality, and uses similar to white 

 cedar. " Black cypress " and " white cypress " are dark and light 

 forms of tlie same species. The cypress is a large deciduous tree, 

 occupying much of the swamp and overflow land along the coast 

 and rivers of the Southern States. 



FIR. — This name is frequently applied to wood and to trees which are 

 not fir ; most commonly to spruce, but also, especially in English 

 markets, to pine. It resembles spruce, but is easily distinguished from 

 it, as well as from pine and larch, by the absence of resin ducts. 

 Quality, uses, and habits similar to sjn-uce. The trees furnishing this 

 wood are generally called l)alsams. 



1. Balsam (Abies /jdlsaiucd) : A medium-sized tree, scattered throughout 



the northern pineries ; cut, in lumber operations whenever of 

 sufficient size, and sold with pine or s])ruce. Minnesota to Maine 

 and northwai'd . 



2. Balsam or white fir (Ahii's gr<in(/is and Abies concolor) : IVIedium- 



to very large-sized tree, forming an imjjortant part of some of the 

 western mountain forests. The former occurs fi'om Vancouver 

 to central California and eastward to Montana; the latter from 

 Oregon to Ai'izona and eastward to Colorado and New Mexico. 



3. Mountain balsam (Abies amnbilis) : (iood-sized tree, often forming 



extensive mountain forests. Cascade Mountains of Washington 

 and Oregon. 



4. Balsam or white fir (Abies nobilis) (sometimes called red fir ; not 



to be confounded with Douglas fir or red fir) : Large to very large 

 tree; occurs with .1. (itiuihilis in the forests on the slope of the 

 mountains between three thousand and four thousand feet eleva- 

 tion. Cascade Mountains of Oregon. 



5. Balsam or white fir (Abies magnijica) : Very large tree, in forests 



about the base of INfount Shasta. Sierra Nevada Mountains t>f 

 California, from Mount Shasta southward. 



HEMLOCK. — Liglit to medium weiglit, soft, stitt' but brittle, commonly 

 crossgrained, rough, and sjiliiiteiy ; sa]>wood and heartwood not well 



