appp:ndix hi 267 



9. Pitch pine (Pinus rifjida) : Along the coast from New York to 

 Georgia and along the mountains to Kentucky. 



10. Scrub, .jack, or Jersey pine (^Pinus virginiana) (scrub pine) : As 



before. 



11. flACK PINE (Piiius divaricata) (scrub pine) : Maine, Vermont, and 



^Michigan to Miimesota. 



REDWOOD. (See Cedar.) 



SPRUCE. — Resembles soft pine, is light, soft, stiff, moderately strong, less 

 resinous than pine ; has no distinct heartwood, and is of whitish color. 

 Used like soft pine, but also employed as resonance wood and preferred 

 for paper jjulp. Spruces, like pines, form extensive forests ; they are 

 more frugal, thrive on thinner soils, and bear more shade, but usually 

 require a more huniid and colder climate. 



1. Red or black spruce (Picea viariana) : Medium-sized tree ; forms 



extensive forests in northeastern United States and in British 

 America; occurs scattered or in groves, esi)ecially in low lands 

 throughout the northern pineries. Important lumber tree in 

 eastern United States. Maine to Minnesota, British America, 

 and on the Alleghenies to North Carolina. 



2. White spruce (Picen canadensis) : Generally associated with the 



preceding ; grows largest in Montana and forms the most impor- 

 tant tree of the subarctic forest of British America. Northern 

 United States, from Maine to Minnesota, also from Montana to 

 Pacific, British America. 



3. AViiiTE spruce (Picea engelmanni) : Medium- to large-sized tree, 



forming extensive forests at elevations from five thousand to ten 

 thousand feet above sea level ; resembles the preceding, but occu- 

 pies a different station. The common spruce of the Rocky Moun- 

 tains and Cascades. 



4. Tide-land spruce (Picea sitchensis) : A large-sized tree, common 



in the coast-belt forest. Along tlie seacoast from Alaska to 

 central California. 



RED FIR or DOUGLAS SPRUCE. — Spruce or fir in name, but resembling 

 iiard pine or larch in tlic ai'iii^araiicc, (pialily. and uses of its wood. 



