By-Products 179 



ing in the western states. Many factories must raise 

 stock as a side line in order to make a satisfactory disposal 

 of pulp and molasses. Some of the larger feeders chop 

 alfalfa hay or straw and sprinkle molasses over it with 

 satisfactory results. About twenty pounds of molasses 

 to each one hundred pounds of straw is a common pro- 

 portion. ^Molasses increases the appetites of stock, re- 

 sulting in their eating more feed at a time ; fattening is 

 thereby hastened. 



The Great Western Sugar Company, in experiments on 

 a large scale in which they used ordinary range cattle, 

 found that for each one hundred pounds gain it required 

 about 7500 pounds of pulp, 240 pounds of molasses, 760 

 pounds of alfalfa hay, and 90 pounds of grain. It is 

 usually aimed to feed three to four pounds of molasses a 

 day along with the other feeds, although some give larger 

 quantities. A ration recommended for a hundred fifty 

 day feeding period with steers in ordinary condition is 

 one ton of alfalfa, 400 pounds of molasses, 500 pounds of 

 grain, one-half acre of beet tops, and one-fourth acre of 

 oat straw. Steers on this ration made a gain of about 

 1.7 pounds a head each day and were marketed in the 

 best of condition. 



Without concentrates, it takes a little longer to get 

 steers in good marketable condition ; the flesh is not so 

 firm, neither will the stock stand shipping so well with- 

 out a great shrinkage; but practically the same total 

 gain is obtained from feeding a ton of alfalfa, five to seven 

 tons of pulp, and four-tenths of an acre — or about 500 

 pounds — of dry beet-top hay. With less pulp avail- 

 able, molasses and grains should make up the deficiency 



