430 APPENDIX IV 



The Greenfinch (Ligurinus chloris L.) is another seed- 

 eater, taking large quantities of the seeds of Charlock, Dandelion, 

 Dock, Corn Mangold, Plantain, Goose Grass, Corn Crowfoot, 

 Knotweed. 



The Bullfinch (Pyrrhula europcea Viel.) also takes the 

 seeds of many weeds Self-heal, Mouse-ear Hawkweed, Dock, 

 Charlock, Great Stinging Nettle, Groundsel, Plantain, Meadow- 

 sweet, Spear Thistle, Chickweed, Ragwort, Sow Thistle. Of 

 26 specimens examined by Newstead, " 1 1 contained seeds of 

 Sycamore; 3, Hawthorn kernels ; i, seeds of Elder; 9, seeds of 

 Blackberry; 2, seeds of Self-heal; n, seeds of Dock; 3, seeds 

 of Charlock; 3, seeds of Nettle; 2, Hawkweed; i, fruit buds." 

 The same authority states that during the months of July, August, 

 and September this bird subsists very largely on the seeds of 

 Self-heal, and he has watched it for hours together feeding 

 exclusively upon the seeds of this noxious weed. 



The Linnet (Linota cannabina L.) is a seed-eating bird, and 

 feeds freely on the seeds of Charlock and other weeds. It is 

 known to eat the seeds of Self-heal, Dandelion, Dock, and Mouse- 

 ear Hawkweed. Newstead records an enormous flock of Linnets 

 feeding on the seeds of Charlock which had practically over- 

 grown a field of potatoes. 



The Goldfinch (Carduelis elegans Stephens) in the mature 

 state feeds principally on seeds Thistle, Knapweed, Groundsel, 

 Dock, and others. 



The Skylark (Alauda arvensis L.) eats the seeds of Annual 

 Meadow Grass, Lychnis sp., Polygonum sp., Chickweed, Plan- 

 tain, Charlock, and other weeds. 



The House Sparrow (Passer domesticus L.) does good 

 during several months of the year by eating weed seeds, as those 

 of Charlock, Chickweed, Plantain, Buttercup, Knotgrass, Field 

 Bindweed, Goosefoot, Dandelion, Dock. 



The Yellow- Hammer (Emberiza citrimlla L.) and other 

 buntings appear to consume many weed seeds, including Knot- 

 grass, Plantain, Groundsel, Chickweed, Thistle, Dock, and 

 others. 



The Wood Pigeon (Columba palumbus L.) does an im- 

 mense amount of service by eating great quantities of weed 

 seeds Charlock, Shepherd's Purse, Corn Crowfoot, Docks, 

 Goose Grass, Plantain, Knotgrass, Ragweed, Hemlock, and 



