544 PHILOSOPHICAL THOUGHT. 



dustrial developments as they existed in this and 

 threatened his own country, Karl Marx saw the 

 remedy only in a complete political subversion of the 

 existing order. With him the social became a political 

 question. He did not examine, as others were begin- 

 ning to do, whether the premises upon which Malthus 

 and Iticardo based their deductions were correct. He 

 took them as established ; illustrating them merely by 

 a philosophy of history which, though lacking entirely 

 in originality, succeeded nevertheless in bringing home 

 to the popular mind the necessity of a great industrial 

 revolution. 



While Marx did little or nothing to solve the phil- 

 osophical problem of human society, he nevertheless 



78. influenced social philosophy in two directions. He 



Influence of ^ p ^^ 



his theory, workcd iuto the hands of the historical school of poli- 

 tical economy and jurisprudence, which in Germany had 

 already collected much material wherewith to oppose 

 the theoretical and deductive school which for a time 

 ruled supreme in this country. And emanating, as it 

 does, from the philosophy of Hegel, of which it forms 

 a kind of materialistic paraphrase, the socialist doctrine 

 of Marx is nevertheless the only sociological theory 

 which has had important and far-reaching practical re- 

 sults, and this mainly because it is narrowly economic 

 and industrial. 



79. For we must recognise that the changes which have 

 Science and taken placc ill social ideas and in social order in all 



popular 



spirit. civilised countries in the course of the nineteenth cen- 

 tury are enormous, and that the two main causes which 

 have brought them about are the progress and applica- 



