64 



THE BBB-KBBPRR'S GUIDK; 



CHAPTER IL 



ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. 



In this chapter I shall give first the general anatomy of 

 insects ; then the anatomy, and still more wonderful physi- 

 ology, of the honey-bee. 



ANATOMY OF INSBCTS. 



In all insects the body is divided into three well-marked por- 

 tions (Fig. 1) ; the head (Figs. 3 and 4), which is strengthened 

 by cross-pieces or braces (Fig. 13, 14), containing the mouth 



Longitudiiial Section Bees'' Head (from Cowan.) 



a Mentum. e Ligula. k Clypeus. 



b Sub-mentum /, g Labialpalpus. >w Funnel, 

 c Rods. ft Head-brace. n Paraglossa 



d Lora. i Pharynx. o Ocellus. 



t Duct from lower head-glands. t, t Labrum 



p Brain. 



r Occiput. 



s Duct from glands. 



organs, the eyes, both the compound and, when present, the 

 simple, and the antennae ; the thorax, which is composed of 

 three rings, and gives support to the one or two pairs of wings, 

 when present, and to the three pairs of legs ; and the abdo- 



