62 ILLINOIS BIOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS [62 



GAMOCYSTIS EPHEMERAE (Frantzius) Labbe 



[Figures 38 and 90] 



1843 Zygocystis Ephemerae Frantzius 1843: 194 



1848 Gregarina clavata Kolliker 1848: 10 



1848 Zygocystis Ephemerae Frantzius 1848: 194 



1851 Gregarina clavata Diesing 1851:553 



1859 Gregarina Ephemerae Diesing 1859: 736 



1882 Gamocystis Francisci Schneider 1882:444 



1887 Gamocystis Francisci Schneider 1887:74 



1899 Gamocystis ephemerae Labbe 1899: 12 



1903 Gamocystis ephemerae Minchin 1903: 197,334 



Sporonts in pairs, in apposition. No protomerite. Body broadly 

 ovoidal, truncate at apices, flattened at place of union. Length of primite 

 110;u, of satellite 130/z. Width of former 80/i, of latter same. Sarcocyte 

 thickened at the two apices. Endocyte dense, with large irregular gran- 

 ules. Nucleus spherical, 30ju, one karyosome. Cyst and spores not known. 



Intestine of Ephemera sp., larva, Ephemera vulgata, larva. 



Taken at Zurich and in Indre-et-Loire, France. 



There seems to be no doubt that the species seen by Frantzius and by 

 Schneider are identical from a comparison of the figures given by each. 

 The ratio of length to width in the figures of Frantzius is about two to 

 one, in the figure of Schneider one and one-half to one. 



Labbe considers Kolliker's Gregarina clavata identical with the above 

 species, probably because of a similarity of the host. The species are, 

 however, quite different. 



Minchin considers the present species identical with Gamocystis fran- 

 cisci Schn. 



Schneider (1882: 445) offers this phylogenetic hypothesis: The genus 

 Ephemera has been considered a pseudo-neuropteran closely allied to the 

 Orthoptera, in which group the only other species of the genus Gamocystis 

 has been found. 



Family ACTINOCEPHALIDAE Leger 1892: 166 

 Genus ACTINOCEPHALUS Stein 1848: 196 



Epimerite small, sessile or upon a short neck, with 8 to 10 short sharp 

 spines or simple bifurcate digitiform processes. Spores biconical. 

 ACTINOCEPHALUS SIEBOLDII (Kolliker) Frantzius 

 [Figure 12] 



von Siebold 1839: 67 



1848 Gregarina Sieboldii Kolliker 1848: 10 



1848 Actinocephalus Sieboldii Frantzius 1848: 195 



1851 Gregarina Sieboldii Diesing 1851: 7 



1859 Gregarina Sieboldii Diesing 1859: 731 



1863 Gregarina oligacantha Lankester 1863: 94 



1899 Hoplorhynchus oligacanthus Labbe 1899: 30 



