75 1 STUDIES ON GREGARINESKAMM 75 



Sporonts in associations of from two to twelve, arranged linearly or 

 bi- or tri-furcate, largest individuals always at anterior end of chain. 

 Length sporonts 100 to 150/i, whole series attaining l^mm. Ratio LP: 

 XL: :1:6 to 8; WP:WD: :1:1. First protomerite rounded at apex, wider 

 than high, constriction at septum. Deutomerite elongate cylindrical, 

 truncate at extremity. Epimerite a simple cylindrical knob. Nucleus 

 spherical, one karyosome. 



Cysts spherical, ICQ/*. Dehiscence by rupture, spores ovoidal, 1 1 by 5/*. 



Intestine of Limnobia sp., larva; Systenocerus caraboides L. larva. 



Taken in Poitou, France and in East Prussia. 



Family ACTINOCEPHALIDAE Leger 1892: 166 

 Genus ACTINOCEPHALUS Stein 1848: 196 



ACTINOCEPHALUS TIPULAE (Hammerschmidt) Ledger 

 [Figure 6] 



1838 Bullulina Tipulae Hammerschmidt 1838: 357 



1846 Gregarina Tipulae Frantzius 1846: 28 



1851 Gregarina Tipulae Diesing 1851:16 



1859 Gregarina Tipulae Diesing 1859: 739 



1863 Gregarina Tipulae Lankester 1863: 94 



1892 Actinocephalus tipulae Leger 1892: 141 



1899 Actinocephalus tipulae Labbe 1899: 26 



1899 Actinocephalus tipulae Leger 1899: 532 



1903 Actinocephalus tipulae Minchin 1903: 337 



1911 Actinocephalus tipulae Wellmer 1911: 130 



Sporonts solitary, obese. Length nearly a millimeter. Width not given 

 Ratio LP:TL: :1:3.5 to 5; WP:WD: :1:1. Protomerite sub-spherical, 

 widest in middle, deeply constricted at septum. Deutomerite widest at 

 shoulder and tapers from thence to a rather short sharply pointed ex- 

 tremity. Epimerite not seen when alive and penetrating a cell, hence its 

 supposed digitiform appendages not delineated. Portion seen a large 

 round apically pointed papilla superimposed upon a short thick neck. 

 Nucleus large, spherical. Several karyosomes. 



Cysts spherical, 250 to 300M spores fusiform, 9 by 4*i. 



Intestine of Tipula oleracea L., larva, Pachyrhina pratensis, larva. 



Taken in the Valley of the Vienne, France, and in East Prussia. 



Diesing credits Hammerschmidt with having first seen and named 

 this species. Since no data whatever exists concerning the species until 

 Leger's time, it is doubtful that the two species are identical, especially 

 since Tipula is parasitized by several gregarines, but the old record stands. 

 Diesing gives as host Ctenophora pectinicornis, larva, in body cavity. 



