52 THE STUDY OF BREEDS. 



IX. Toward the middle of the century Short- 

 horn bulls were extensively crossed on Aberdeen- 

 Angus cows, the result being a very superior animal 

 for the block. 



(1) To so great an extent did this practice prevail at 

 time that fears were entertained for the preservation of the 

 purity of the breed. 



(2) The after crosses, however, did not prove so satisfac- 

 tory, and the practice was abandoned. 



X. Extension to other countries. 



(1) Aberdeen-Angus cattle reached Ireland prior to 1843, 

 and England somewhat later, and several good herds have 

 been established in both these countries. 



(2) They first reached the United States in 1873, where 

 already there are probably more herds of this breed than in 

 Scotland. 



(3) They were first introduced into Canada in 1876, and 

 several herds have been established in various parts of that 

 country. 



(4) They are also kept in considerable numbers in 

 Canada, South America, New Zealand and several countries 

 in Europe. 



XL Organizations established. 



(1) The Polled Cattle Society was established in 1879, 

 largely through the efforts of Sir George McPherson Grant. 



(2) The American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders' Associa- 

 tion was organized in 1883. 



XII. The first volume of the "Polled Herd 

 Book" was published in 1862. 



(1) In the first four volumes Galloway cattle are regis- 

 tered along with the Aberdeen Polls. 



(2) The first volume of the American Aberdeen-Angus 

 Herd Book was published in 1886. 



XIII. Distribution in the United States and 

 Canada. 



(1) Aberdeen- Angus cattle are now being reared in 

 twenty-seven states and provinces. 



(2) They are bred and owned by 728 persons. 



(3) The more important centers for the breed are Iowa, 

 Illinois, Missouri, Ohio and Indiana, and in the order named. 



