64 THE STUDY OF BREEDS. 



(1) They have there been frequently reared 1500 feet 

 above the sea level, where grain will not ripen. 



(2) The long wavy coat which protects them is probably 

 owing to the dampness of the climate. 



IV. During much of the last century and also 

 the beginning of the present one, it was customary 

 to drive Galloways in large numbers to the south- 

 eastern counties of England to be finished for the 

 London market. 



(1) For many years, from 20,000 to 30,000 head were 

 thus driven annually from the home of the Galloways. 



(2) This trade ceased after the introduction of turnip 

 husbandry into that part of Scotland. 



V. Introduction into America. 



(1) The first recorded Galloways were imported into 

 Canada by Graham Bros, of Vaughan, Ont., in 1853, but 



(2) Their dissemination in that country was owing 

 chiefly to the untiring efforts of Thomas McCrae of Guelph, 

 Ont., who began breeding them in 1861, and importing them 

 from Scotland a few years subsequently. 



(3) They were imported into Michigan about 1870, and 

 somewhat later to Wisconsin and Missouri. 



(4) They have also been introduced to some extent into 

 other Anglo-Saxon countries. 



VI. During the last century there were many 

 Galloways of mixed colors, a point that is well 

 brought out in crossing them on other breeds. 



(1) Some were belted, some had white faces and a white 

 mark along the back, others were brindled, drab or dun, red, 

 and red and white. 



(2) When crossed with an old established breed, one-half 

 the calves will probably show a variety of colors. 



VII. Galloway Breeders' Associations 



(1) The Galloway Cattle Society in Britain was estab- 

 lished in 1877. 



(2) The American Galloway Breeders' Association was 

 established in 1882. 



VIII. Registration in Britain. 



(i) The first volume of the Galloway Herd Book, as 

 distinguished from that of the Aberdeen-Angus was published 

 in 1878. 



