94 THE STUDY OF BREEDS. 



(21) Mammary Feins Large, long, crooked, 

 branched with extensions entering large orifices 10 



(22) Udder Capacious, flexible, well developed 

 both in front and rear, teats well formed, wide 

 apart, and of convenient size .... 12 



(23) Escutcheon Large and fine development . . 8 



Perfection . 100 



II. General appearance. 



(1) The large parallelogrammic rather than the wedge 

 shaped frame of the Holstein conveys the idea of much ca- 

 pacity, and 



(2) The long and slender head, neck and limbs, with the 

 distinctiveness of the black and white markings, convey the 

 idea of generations of careful breeding. 



III. Compared with Shorthorns. 



(1) Holsteins are usually as large, but not so massive 

 in frame. 



(2) They are something longer and less wide in head and 

 neck and longer in limb. 



(3) They are not so full in the neck vein, brisket and 

 flank, and are lighter in arm and thigh, but 



(4) They have the same squareness of development at 

 the rear, except that they slant away a little more from the 

 sacrum, and 



(5) They have a more accentuated development of milk 



