I2O THE STUDY OF BREEDS. 



II. The above very neatly worded scale of 

 points would seem to be defective. 



(1) In the excessive number of counts allotted to the 

 indications of milk production in the skin, udder, milk veins 

 and escutcheon. 



(2) In the meager allotment of counts for other essentials, 

 especially in form, indicative of good milk production and also 

 stamina, as head, neck, body capacity and width through the 

 breast, and 



(3) In want of comprehensiveness in detail. 



III. Additional particulars not given in the 

 above scale : 



(1) Head, inclining to long and not coarse, with mod- 

 erate dish. 



(2) Muzzle, broad and white or buff in color and sur- 

 rounded by a fillet of light short hair. 



(3) Eyes, large, clear and mild. 



(4) Horns, inclining to small, circling well forward and 

 considerably upward, and yellow and waxy at the base. 



(5) Ears, not large nor thick and thinly covered with hair. 



(6) Neck, inclining to long, deep and thin. 



(7) Forequarters, something less in development than 

 the hindquarters, moderate width at the withers and wide 

 through the heart. 



(8) Breast, wide below, but not full. 



(9) Barrel, capacious, increasingly so far downward and 

 backward. 



(10) Ribs, of but moderately rounded arid deep spring and 

 well defined. 



(n) Excessive downward slant away from the sacrum and 

 droop toward the tailhead are to be avoided, though both fre- 

 quently characterize good animals. 



(12) Thighs, inclining to broad and thin and to incurva- 

 ture. 



(13) Twist, open and placed high. 



(14) Limbs, moderately fine. 



(15) Skin, not thick, soft, pliable, unctuous. 



(16) Hair, plentiful, soft and not long 



(17) Prominence at the angles characterizes many excel- 

 lent animals, but should not be carried too far. 



(18) When in full milk there is an appearance of spare- 

 ness of flesh. 



(19) The indications of gentleness should be present in 

 both look and movement. 



(20) The color and color markings vary considerably. 



