FRENCH CANADIAN. CATTLE. 137 



VI. Grazing qualities. 



(1) These are of the very highest order. 



(2) They will gather food and give fair supplies of milk 

 where the large breeds and the small and less robust breeds 

 would completely fail. 



VII. Feeding qualities. 



(1) They give an excellent return in milk for food con- 

 sumed, but 



(2) They do not excel for meat production, since the 

 dairy form is quite pronounced. 



(3) The calves, however, may be turned into profitable 

 meat at an early age. 



VIII. Value in crossing and grading. 



(1) The experience in crossing French Canadian cattle 

 upon other breeds or grades has not been extensive, but 



(2) When improved milking qualities combined with 

 hardihood are desired, they may be crossed with advantage on 

 unimproved stock. 



IX. Breeding qualities. 



(1) These are of a very high order. 



(2) The unpampered conditions to which they have been 

 subjected for generations and the exercise which they 

 must needs take in gathering food have proved eminently 

 favorable to reproduction. 



X. Weak points. 



(1) The chief of these are their small size for some con- 

 ditions, and a little slowness in maturing, but 



(2) With improved conditions as to feed and environ- 

 ment they would doubtless soon improve in size and maturing 

 qualities. 



XL Compared with Holsteins. 



(1) The French Canadian cattle are much less well 

 known, very much less in size, mature more slowly and give 

 a less quantity of milk, but 



(2) They are more rugged, are better grazers, easier 

 feeders and give richer milk. 



STANDARD POINTS. 



I. The following is the scale of points adopted 

 by the French Canadian Cattle Breeders' Associa- 

 tion: 



( i ) Head Short ; forehead wide ; horns generally turned 

 inward and sometimes a little upward, white in color with 



