146 THE STUDY OF BREEDS. 



IV. The following details relate to the estab- 

 lishment of the Polled Durhams upon a pure Short- 

 horn foundation. 



(1) Recorded Shorthorn bulls that had never possessed 

 horns were secured by different breeders, and these were bred 

 to pure Shorthorn cows. 



(2) Only such of the progeny were kept to breed from 

 as were hornless. 



V. The American Polled Durham Breeders' 

 Association was organized in Chicago in 1889. 



(1) Eight persons took the initiative in the work, all of 

 whom had been engaged for some time previously in establish- 

 ing the breed. 



(2) The membership at the end of 1893 numbered forty, 

 and included residents of several states. 



VI. The following are the requirements for 

 registration in the American Herd Book of Polled 



rham cattle. 



(1) Animals for registry must be at least one year old. 



(2) They must be hornless. 



(3) They must have the color and markings characteristic 

 of the Shorthorn. 



(4) They must not have less than 87 1-2 per cent of Short- 

 horn blood after 1893, 93 3-4 per cent after 1896, and 96 7-8 

 per cent after i8$g, and the requisites previously mentioned. 



(5) The produce of animals already on record will be 

 recorded, provided they conform to the requirements men- 

 tioned in i, 2 and 3, also 



(6) The produce of any bull in the Polled Durham Herd 

 Book, with the same requirements, and 



(7) The produce of any cow in the Polled Durham reg- 

 istry, when by a bull recorded in the American Shorthorn Herd 

 feook, and possessed of the same requirements. 



VII. The leading Fair Associations were slow 

 to give recognition to Polled Durham cattle in their 

 prize lists, but 



(1) At the World's Fair in Chicago in 1893, a full list 

 of premiums was offered for Polled Durhams. 



(2) The grand sweepstakes prize at the same fair open 

 to all "general purpose" cattle, was won by the Polled 

 Durhams. 



